4 Long-Term Complications of Untreated Acid Reflux

Michael Sutker, MD, PA Blog 4 Long-Term Complications of Untreated Acid Reflux

Occasional heartburn after a heavy meal isn't usually cause for concern. However, when stomach acid flows backward into your esophagus multiple times a week, it becomes a chronic condition known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD affects roughly 20% of adults in the United States. Unfortunately, many rely on over-the-counter antacids or ignore their symptoms instead of getting medical care.

At the practice of Michael Sutker, MD, PA, in Dallas, Texas, we help patients address the root causes of chronic acid reflux before it leads to serious physical damage. When stomach acid repeatedly splashes into delicate tissue, it causes ongoing inflammation and scarring.

If you've been living with unmanaged heartburn, you shouldn't wait for your symptoms to get worse. Here’s what Dr. Sutker wants you to know about four long-term complications of untreated acid reflux.

1. Esophagitis and painful ulcers

Your stomach has a tough lining designed to withstand harsh digestive acid, but your esophagus doesn't. When acid flows upward continuously, it burns the esophageal tissue, causing a condition called esophagitis.

Over time, this constant inflammation breaks down the tissue and creates open sores, or ulcers. Esophageal ulcers can cause severe bleeding, pain when swallowing, and persistent chest discomfort. If you're constantly relying on antacids to manage this pain, you aren't treating the actual injury underneath.

2. Esophageal strictures

As your esophagus heals from repeated acid burns, scar tissue builds up along its inner walls. Over time, this thick scar tissue narrows the food pipe, causing a condition known as an esophageal stricture.

When strictures form, you'll likely notice a sensation of food being stuck in your throat or chest. This makes swallowing difficult or painful, leading to accidental weight loss or choking hazards. Treatment often requires medical procedures to stretch the esophagus back to its normal width.

3. Barrett's esophagus

One of the most concerning outcomes of chronic acid reflux is Barrett's esophagus. When stomach acid constantly damages your esophageal lining, your body tries to protect itself by replacing those damaged cells with cells similar to those in your intestines.

While this cellular change doesn't cause obvious symptoms on its own, it carries a higher risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma, a dangerous type of esophageal cancer. If you have Barrett's esophagus, our team will need to monitor your tissue closely using regular endoscopic exams.

4. Respiratory issues and tooth damage

Acid reflux doesn't always stay in your esophagus. When stomach acid reaches your throat or mouth, it causes problems beyond your digestive tract, including:

Many people don't realize that these symptoms are linked to their stomach acid. Addressing reflux helps protect your lungs, vocal cords, and smile.

How our practice can help

You don't have to settle for short-term fixes or live with chronic discomfort. At our practice, we offer comprehensive evaluations and surgical solutions, such as minimally invasive Nissen fundoplication, LINX® device placement, or bariatric surgery, to repair the structural issues that cause your reflux.

Contact our office or request an appointment online.

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